8 Basic Solar Components of a Residential Solar Power System

1) Solar module - This is the heart of the system.load controller maintain a proper current and
Solar modules are made from multiplevoltage from the solar system to the electrical
Photovoltaic (PV) cells soldered together.appliances in a household. Fluctuation in the power
PV cells are made from a semi-conductivelevel will degrade or damage electrical equipment.
material and are capable of generating electric5) Power inverter - Since the solar cells only
current when exposed to sun light. Among all thegenerate Direct Current (DC), the power inverter
parts, this is the most expensive components.is used to convert the DC to AC (Alternate
2) Battery bank - The battery units act as theCurrent). Most household electrical appliances use
power storage system for the home solar powerAC.
system. The type of battery most commonly6) AC generator - The generator acts as a
used for solar setup is the deep cycle. It generallybackup power supply during winter or cloudy days
lasts longer and discharges the power on awhen the solar cells are not producing any power
consistent level.or when the battery bank depletes. If you are
Depending on the energy requirement, a home willusing a solar intertie system for your home, an
usually use a battery bank with 8 or moreAC generator is not necessary.
individual batteries connected together with stout7) Transfer switch - If the solar system uses an
cables in either series or parallel arrangements.AC generator, the transfer switch alternates the
3) Charge controller - The batteries cannot bepower source between the battery bank and the
charged directly from the solar module. This isAC generator. The switching is either done
impractical because of the inconsistent powerautomatically or manually.
output from the solar cells.8) AC load controller - This is the safety system
Instead, a charge controller is used to charge theof the solar setup. The component includes
battery. It will feed current into battery bank atappropriate fuses to maintain the voltage and
the right voltage to maximize its efficiency.current at a safe level.
4) DC load controller - As its name implies, a DC