An Analysis Of Nintendo (NTDOY)

Even before last week's announcement fromthe Nintendo 64 (N64) in 1996, and the
Sony (SNE), it seemed nearly certain thatGameCube in 2001.
company's dominance in the PlayStation 2Here are the worldwide unit sales for these four
generation of video game consoles would givesystems as of March 31st of this year:
way to a much more level playing field for theNES: 61.9 million
PS3 generation. This time around, Sony facesSNES: 49.1 million
much stiffer competition from both MicrosoftN64: 32.9 million
(MSFT) and Nintendo (NTDOY).GameCube: 20.9 million
While the Nintendo name is most closelyThat's not a pretty trend. To add injury to injury,
associated with a video game platform (the NES),the number of games sold per console had been
the company's real focus has always been thesteadily declining until the GameCube dramatically
games rather than the platform. Herein lies thereversed that trend.
true distinction between Nintendo and its twoHere are the number of games sold per console
larger rivals. Nintendo seeks to make good games.for each of the four systems:
Microsoft and Sony seek to control a distributionNES: 8.08 games
channel.SNES: 7.72 games
Nintendo is the only company among the threeN64: 6.84 games
console makers that began life as anGameCube: 9.05 games
entertainment company - and it shows. MicrosoftGameCube
is known for software; Sony is known forThe above GameCube number is especially
hardware; and Nintendo is known for games.interesting, because sales of GameCube games in
American gamers are well acquainted with thethe Americas has been extraordinarily strong
Nintendo brand; but, American investors generallyconsidering its modest installed base relative to
know very little about the company. That'swhat previous Nintendo consoles had enjoyed.
unfortunate, because despite all the attentionThe GameCube has performed much better in
given to Sony and Microsoft's video gamethe U.S. than it has elsewhere. The Americas
operations, Nintendo is the ultimate pure playaccount for 58.37% of worldwide GameCube unit
video game company.sales while Japan accounts for merely 19.14% of
Nintendo is big. The company surpasses U.S. videoworldwide sales. In the Americas, the number of
game publishing giant Electronic Arts (ERTS) ingames sold per GameCube is approximately 10;
sales, earnings, and market cap. On the last count,while in Japan it is only 7.
some may argue that Nintendo only has a largerWhile a difference of 10 games per system to 7
market cap than EA, because its stock price hasgames per system may not sound that
risen sharply over the past year, while EA's shareimportant, it is a far greater difference in the
price has actually declined. However, there's anumber of games sold per system between
much simpler explanation.geographic regions than exists with any other
Nintendo has a larger market cap than Electroniccurrent Nintendo platform. As a result, the
Arts, because Nintendo (the business) is worthAmericas account for nearly two out of every
more than EA (the business). The run-up inthree games sold for the GameCube.
Nintendo's stock price may be entirely due toNintendo DS
improved investor perceptions of the company'sAt first, it appears the situation is reversed with
future prospects as a result of the good pressthe Nintendo DS. Japan accounts for more than 4
surrounding Nintendo's soon to be launchedout of every 10 sales of both DS games and the
console, the Nintendo Wii.handheld platform itself. However, at the beginning
Regardless, such an increase in the price ofof this year, the ratio of software to hardware
Nintendo's shares was justified by the rather lowsales was still a bit higher in the Americas than it
value the market had previously placed onwas in Japan. That's the case for all of Nintendo's
Nintendo's business. The same can't be said ofplatforms, although the games per platform gap
Electronic Arts. Even after underperforming thevaries from very wide (GameCube) to quite
S&P 500 over the last three years, EA'snarrow (DS).
stock price remains at levels that are nearlyGame Boy Advance
impossible to justify using any form of rationalNintendo's Game Boy sales have always been
thought. So, Nintendo really is the world's largestpretty impressive. The Game Boy Advance,
pure play video game company.which launched in 2001, has sold more than 75
Nintendo is an interesting business to write aboutmillion units and more than 325 million games. That
from an investor's perspective for severaldoesn't include sales of the various Game Boys of
reasons. The company operates in an excitingthe 20th century (the original launched in 1989)
industry with excellent long-term prospects. It'swhich have sold well over 100 million units and 500
more reasonably priced than many publicmillion games.
companies in that industry (although that's notThe Game Boy has helped Nintendo's financial
saying much). It's a truly unique business (with aresults, because it has been a much more
unique past), and it has a clear vision of what it isconsistent performer. Taking part in the "console
and what it isn't. Obviously, Nintendo's tremendouswars" is expensive, time-consuming, and risky.
intellectual properties add to its appeal both as aThe risks are incurred upfront; the rewards come
subject of an article and as the object of anon the back half of the journey. Having the
investor's interest.support of regular revenues derived from the
Nintendo has been a good steward of itsGame Boy certainly doesn't hurt when you're
intellectual properties. It's been very careful toinvolved in such an uncertain undertaking as
protect the image of its most beloved characters.launching a new console every half decade or so.
In fact, some would say the company hasFinancial Performance
occasionally been too protective of its strongestConsidering the industry it operates in, Nintendo
franchises.has been a solid performer. The company
For instance, between 1994 and 2002 there wereconsistently turns a profit, which isn't easy when
no new Metroid games, despite the popularity ofthere aren't other divisions to smooth out any of
that franchise. The benefit of such a strategy isthe bumps brought on by launching new consoles
that when Metroid Prime was released in 2002, itand essentially launching new products constantly.
received extraordinary reviews and sold over aAfter all, that is the greatest difference between
million units. The downside to this approach isthe video game business and almost every other
obvious. Nintendo effectively surrendered thebusiness around. All your sales are coming from
revenue (almost certainly more than $100 million)"new" products, even if they are variations on the
that could have been milked from the franchisesame theme or sequels within an established
throughout the latter half of the 1990s.franchise. The lifecycle of each product is
Nintendo is one of only a few businesses in thisunnervingly similar to the lifecycle of a fruit fly.
position. It's a rare and valuable property that canSo, the business depends upon doing an adequate
benefit from spending some time "in the vault".job a great many times. As a general rule,
Nintendo has several such properties. For thisbusinesses where you only have to do one really
reason, Nintendo has more in common withsmart thing every couple of decades are better
companies like Disney (DIS) and Lucasfilm than itbets.
does with manufacturers of consumer electronics.Conclusion
Nintendo is an entertainment company; not anApparently, most Japanese gamers now believe
electronics company. Console sales are inextricablythe Nintendo Wii will come out on top in this round
intertwined with games sales. Hardware salesof the console wars. That's a surprising and
account for a large portion of Nintendo's totalsomewhat disturbing finding. If the Wii really is a
sales; however, hardware sales don't drive a largerevolution in the making, I suppose they'll be right.
portion of Nintendo's total sales. At Nintendo, theBut, I still think this is Sony's race to lose.
games sell the consoles. Of course, the consoleWhat will the price of a PS3 be in December of
itself can affect the gameplay experience in its2007? Until I know that, I can't predict anything
role as a platform. For instance, the console itselfother than a much tighter race this time around.
is expected to be a differentiating gameplayWhat about Nintendo as an investment? The
factor when the Wii launches later this year.stock isn't expensive, if you expect it to win the
Whether it's a positive or negative factor, wenext round of the console wars. Otherwise, it's
don't know. But, the Wii itself will certainly helpdifficult to value. There are two big issues: the Wii
differentiate Nintendo's games from theirand handheld gaming.
competition.I'm not convinced there are going to be serious
Third party publisher support for the Wii has beencompetitive threats to Nintendo's position in
the subject of much debate and speculation.handheld gaming coming from high-tech cell
Nintendo's consoles have enjoyed less supportphones that are quickly becoming the Swiss
from third parties than the competing consoles,Army Knife of the 21st century. I just don't think
because Nintendo has been less willing to workthe three great obstacles of clumsy controls, a
with third parties on their terms.lack of focus from the manufacturer, and a lack
While many publishers are now interested inof interest from the user are going to be easy to
releasing titles for the Wii, there is a new andovercome. Nintendo is in the best position of any
substantial impediment to successful third partycompany to profit from handheld gaming in the
titles. Games will have to be designed around thefuture. They will face competition; but, they will
Wii. In the past, it was easier for third parties tostart with the advantage of knowing what their
offer titles for Nintendo's consoles, withoutproduct is (a game machine).
targeting that console in particular. Now, it will be aSo, if you are comfortable with Nintendo's position
lot harder to do that. Expect a few botchedin handheld gaming and you truly believe in both
attempts early on.the company and the Wii, it would be a
A Long, Slow Declinereasonable long-term investment at this price.
Nintendo's position in hardware has been decliningHowever, even considering the large amount of
for well over a decade now. In fact, the zenith ofcash and securities on the balance sheet relative
Nintendo's fortunes in the console business wasto Nintendo's market cap, it isn't a "value" style
the NES itself (launched in 1985). It's been downhillpurchase based on past performance alone.
since then. Nintendo launched the NintendoBuying shares at the current price is a bet on a
Entertainment System (NES) in 1985, the Superbrighter future.
Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) in 1991,